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Prediction markets

How on-chain prediction markets work and settle.

Prediction Markets — the full guide to this subject.

Guides on this site

How the Gnosis conditional token framework powers prediction market shares

The Gnosis Conditional Token Framework (CTF) is the infrastructure beneath many on-chain prediction markets...

How automated market makers work for binary prediction markets

A binary prediction market lets you bet on a yes-or-no outcome. Will the Federal Reserve cut rates by Septe...

How trading on Polymarket works from wallet connection to settlement

Polymarket is a prediction market platform where users trade binary outcomes on real-world events. This wal...

How collateral custody works in on-chain prediction markets

Collateral custody exists on a spectrum. At one end, fully non-custodial systems hold user funds entirely i...

How market creation bonds and validity deposits work

Any prediction market platform that allows anyone to create a market must solve a basic problem: spam. A us...

What happens when a prediction market oracle resolves incorrectly

The oracle submits wrong data. This is the nightmare scenario for every prediction market participant. It h...

Smart contract risks in on-chain prediction markets explained

The most serious risk in any on-chain prediction market is a smart contract exploit that drains the market'...

How real-time odds are calculated from prediction market share prices

A YES share trading at 0.63 USDC *implies* a 63% probability. That is the simplest version of the relations...

How resolution oracles submit settlement data to prediction markets

A prediction market needs a way to settle. Someone must report what actually happened. That job falls to or...

UMA optimistic oracle vs Kleros for prediction market dispute resolution

Dispute resolution is the weakest link in any prediction market. A market is only as trustworthy as the mec...

USDC vs DAI as collateral for prediction market trading

If you trade on prediction markets, the stablecoin you hold as collateral is not a neutral choice. It deter...

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Prediction markets

Prediction markets let people trade shares in the outcome of future events - elections, sports championships, crypto protocol upgrades, even whether a specific temperature record will be broken. On-chain prediction markets encode those shares as digital tokens, resolve them against real-world data,

How automated market makers work for binary prediction markets

A binary prediction market lets you bet on a yes-or-no outcome. Will the Federal Reserve cut rates by September? Yes or no. Will a specific candidate win the election? Yes or no. Each outcome is represented by its own token, and the price of that token is meant to reflect the market’s estimate of th

How collateral custody works in on-chain prediction markets

Collateral custody exists on a spectrum. At one end, fully non-custodial systems hold user funds entirely in smart contracts. At the other, fully custodial platforms control everything - wallets, funds, and settlement. Between them sits a hybrid model, and Polymarket is the clearest example.

How market creation bonds and validity deposits work

Any prediction market platform that allows anyone to create a market must solve a basic problem: spam. A user could create dozens of markets with vague, duplicated, or unverifiable questions. Without a cost barrier, the platform becomes unusable. Bonds and validity deposits are the economic answer.

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How to convert crypto: on-chain vs off-chain

Off-chain (on an exchange)

Your trade happens inside the exchange's own ledger. Nothing touches the blockchain until you withdraw.

  • Cheapest and fastest for common pairs
  • Needs an account and usually ID verification
  • The exchange holds the coins until you withdraw them
  • Best for converting to and from cash

On-chain (a DEX or swap)

You swap from your own wallet. The transaction settles on the chain and you pay its fee.

  • No account, no custodian — you keep the keys
  • You pay network fees, which vary a lot by chain
  • Small or new tokens often only trade here
  • Slippage and thin liquidity are real costs on low-volume pairs
Before any on-chain swap: check the token's contract address against a block explorer, start with a small test amount, and review what you are approving — an unlimited token approval to an unknown contract is how most wallet drains actually happen.

Not financial advice. wswap.site publishes market data and general information about digital assets. Crypto assets are volatile and you can lose everything you put in. Nothing here is a recommendation to buy, sell or hold, and we make no price predictions.

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